Under the Namami Gange program, the new sewage infrastructure created were to be developed on either on Design, Build and Operate (DBO) Model or Hybrid Annuity (HAM) Model and also adopt new technologies. Both these models had an inbuilt long term Operation and Maintenance (O&M) contract for a period of ten to fifteen years. Further, some of the old sewage treatment plants were also to be rehabilitated and upgraded with long term Operation and Maintenance Contracts. Inspired by the idea of long term O&M contracts of Namami Gange projects, the State Ganga River Conservation Authority (SGRCA), Uttar Pradesh (U.P) an agency that coordinates various conservation activities, decided to pursue Long Term Operation and Maintenance (O&M) contracts for the sewage treatment infrastructure of major cities in UP in a unique One City One Operator model. SGRCA mooted this idea as they realized that major cities of UP were plagued with huge sewage infrastructural issues, specifically that of sewage collection system network. The SGRCA decided this contract duration should be a minimum of 10 years with a possible extension of another 5 years and also that the contract scope would include operation and maintenance of the entire sewage network of the city, pumping stations and sewage treatment plants (STP). The STP upon treatment shall discharge the treated effluent as per stipulated norms, thus bringing the entire sewage infrastructure management of the city under one contract.